Arabi lughat (zaban) may dil kay iradey, 'azm aur qasad ko niyat kehtey hain (Al-Qamoos Al-Waheed, page 1730). Imam Ibn Taymiyya (Rahimahullah) farmate hain: Niyat dil kay iradey aur qasad ko kehtey hain (Al-Fatawa Al-Kubra, Jild: 01, Page: 01).
Deen Islam may insaan kay tamam a'amaal ki qubooliyat aur unn kay ajr aur sawab ka inhisar (daromdar) niyat par hai. 'Amal karne waley ki niyat durust ho to uss ka 'amal Allah Ta'ala kay yahan maqbool aur 'amal karne waley ko uss ka sawab milta hai. Aur agar 'amal karne waley ki niyat durust na ho to dikhne may woh 'amal kitna hee acha aur umdah kyun na ho, 'amal karne waley ko uss ka sawab nahi milta balki woh 'amal uss kay liye wabaal aur ba'asey gunah bann jata hai. To iss lihaz say niyat tamam a'amaal ki rooh hai.
Ameerul Momineen Abu Hafs Umar bin Khattab (Radhi Allahu Anhu) rivayat karte hain:
Main nay Rasool Allah (ï·º) ko farmate huwe suna: Tamam 'amaal ka daromdaar niyato (intention) par hai aur har shakhs kay liye wahi kuch hai jis ki uss nay niyat ki. Chunanche jis ki hijrat (migration) Allah aur uss kay Rasool kay liye hai to uss ki hijrat Allah aur uss kay Rasool kay liye hee hai aur jis ki hijrat dunya hasil karney kay liye ya kisi aurat say nikah (shadi) karney ki khatir ho to uss ki hijrat usi cheez kay liye hai jis kay liye uss nay hijrat ki hai.
(Sahih Bukhari, Al-Wahee, Hadees: 01; Sahih Muslim, Al-Imarat, Hadees: 1907)
Niyat ki durusti say murad hai ki nek kaam sirf Allah Ta'ala ki raza kay liye kiya jaye, kisi kay khaof say ya kisi ki khushnoodi kay liye na ho. Nez logon may shohrat, nek naami ya dunyavi fayedey ka lalach bhee na ho. Aur agar 'amal Allah Ta'ala ki raza kay bajaye kisi shakhs ki khushnoodi ya logon may izzat aur shohrat aur naam ya mazeed kisi dunyavi lalach aur gharaz ki khatir kiya jaye to ye niyat ki kharabi hai. Oopar hadees may Nabi kareem (ï·º) nay yahi cheez misaal dey kar wazeh farmayi hai ki agar koyi shakhs hijrat jaisa 'azeem 'amal sirf Allah Ta'ala ki raza aur uss kay Rasool ki itaat aur mohabbat kay liye karey to uss ki hijrat Allah Ta'ala aur uss kay Rasool kay liye hai yani uss ka ye 'amal Allah Ta'ala kay yahan maqbool aur woh shakhs ajr aur sawab ka mustahaq hai aur woh Rasool ka itaat ghuzaar aur farmabardar hai. Aur agar hijrat karne waley nay ye 'amal dawlat kamaney ya kisi aurat say shadi karney ki lalach may kiya to uss ki ye hijrat usi kay liye hai jis kay liye uss nay hijrat ki yani usey iss 'amal ka koyi sawab na hoga aur woh Rasool ka aqeedatmand aur farmabardar shumar na hoga. Rasool Allah (ï·º) nay iss haqeeqat ko mukhtalif andaaz say bayan farmaya hai. Hazrat Abu Huraira (Radhi Allahu Anhu) say marvi ek hadees may hai. Aap (ï·º) nay farmaya:
Beshak Allah Ta'ala tumhari shakal aur soorat, maal aur dawlat ko nahi dekhta woh to tumhare a'amaal aur dilon ko dekhta hai (ki tum 'amal kis niyat say kartey ho).
(Sahih Muslim, Al-Bir Was-Salat Wal-Adab, Hadees: 2564)
Quran kareem may isi ikhlas ko taqwaa say bhee t'abeer kiya gaya hai. Jaisa ki Allah Ta'ala nay farmaya: Allah ko qurbani ka gosht ya khoon nahi pahonchta balki usey to tumhara taqwaa pahonchta hai (Al-Hajj: 37). Yani tumhare iss 'amal may ikhlas hai ya nahi? Ikhlas ho to dikhne may haqeer aur mamooli 'amal bhee Allah Ta'ala kay yahan insaan kay liye nijaat ka sabab bann sakta hai. Ek ahadees may Aap (ï·º) nay bayan farmaya:
Qayamat kay din ek qari, ek sakhi aur ek shaheed ko Allah Ta'ala kay yahan pesh kiya jayega. Allah unn say baari baari unn kay a'amaal kay mutalliq sawal karega to qari kahega: Aye Allah! Main nay tera deen seekha aur zindagi bhar logon ko sikhata raha. Sakhi kahega: Aye Allah! Main nay tera diya huwa maal neki kay har rastey may khoob lutaya. Aur shaheed kahega: Aye Allah! Main tere dushmano say qitaal (jang) karta raha aur aakhir may khud bhee unn say ladta huwa maara gaya. Allah uss qari say farmayega: Tune Quran seekha aur sikhaya zaroor tha magar teri niyat thee ki log tujhe qari aur 'alim kahey. Aur Allah sakhi say farmayega: Waqayi tune maal kharch to kiya tha magar teri niyat thee ki log tujhe sakhi kahey aur tareef karey. Isi tarah Allah Ta'ala shaheed say farmayega: Tune kuffar say ladaiyan zaroor ladee thee magar teri niyat aur iradah tha ki log teri tareef karey aur tujhe bahadur kahey. Tum teeno nay ye a'amaal meri raza kay liye nahi kiye thay, lihaza aaj mere yahan tumhare liye kuch nahi. Aur phir farishton ko hukm diya jayega ki inn teeno ko ghaseet kar muh kay bal jahannam may phenk diya jaye.
(Sahih Muslim, Al-Imarat, Hadees: 1905)
Ikhlas niyat ki ahmiyat to iss qadar hai ki uss kay bina koyi 'amal darje qubooliyat ko nahi pahonch sakta. Isi liye ahadees may aaya hai ki jab koyi shakhs nek 'amal karne ka iradah karey to usey ek neki ka sawab mil jata hai. Aur agar niyat kay baad uss 'amal ko kar bhee ley to usey kam az-kam das (10) guna sawab milta hai aur baaz sooraton may saat saw (700) guna sawab mil jata hai (Sahih Bukhari, Al-Riqaq, Hadees: 491; Sahih Muslim, Al-Emaan, Hadees: 131).
Aws ibn Huzaifa (Radhi Allahu Anhu) say ek hadees marvi hai ki Aap (ï·º) nay farmaya:
Jo shakhs raat ko sotey waqt niyat rakhta ho ki raat ko (namaz tahajjud kay liye) uthega lekin usey gehri neend aa gayi aur woh subah tak soya raha to uss kay liye uss namaz ka sawab likha jayega jis ki uss nay niyat ki aur uss ki neend uss kay Rab ki taraf say uss par sadqa (charity) hogi.
(Sunan Nisai, Qiyam ul Layl, Hadees: 1788, Hukm: Sahih)
Aur agar koyi 'amal Allah Ta'ala ki raza kay liye na ho balki logon kay dikhlawe ki khatir kiya jaye to woh Allah Ta'ala kay yahan shirk qarar pata hai. Ek hadees may hai ki Aap (ï·º) nay farmaya:
Jo shakhs logon kay dikhlawe ki khatir namaz padhey, rozah rakhey ya sadqa karey to woh shirk ka martkab hai.
(Musnad Imam Ahmad: 4/126)
Aur ye sab ko maloom hai ki shirk sab say bada gunah hai aur shirk karne waley ko Allah Ta'ala harghiz na bakhshega aur riya aur namood shirk hee ki ek qism hai. Khaloos niyat kay sath jo 'amal kiya jaye woh na sirf Allah Ta'ala kay yahan maqbool hota hai balki qayamat kay din uss shakhs ko Allah kay arsh ka saya naseeb hoga. Jaisa ki sahihaeen may Hazrat Abu Huraira (Radhi Allahu Anhu) say marvi ek hadees may hai ki saat (7) tarah kay logon ko Allah Ta'ala qayamat kay din arsh ka saya naseeb farmayega, unn may say ek woh hai:
Jo Allah Ta'ala ki khatir iss qadar mukhfi (chupey) taor par sadqa karey ki dayen (right) hath say kharch karey to baye (left) tak ko khabar na ho.
(Sahih Bukhari, Al-Azan, Hadees: 660; Sahih Muslim, Al-Zakat, Hadees: 1031)
Inn tamam ahadees say achi tarah wazeh ho gaya hai ki deen may islah niyat ki ahmiyat bahot zyadah hai aur isi par insaan ki nijaat ka daromdar hai. Niyat dil kay iradey ko kehtey hain. Zaban say alfaz ada karna niyat nahi. Insaan dil may kisi neki ka iradah karey to usey ek neki ka sawab mil jata hai aur jab woh 'amal kar ley to usey ikhlas kay lihaz say das (10) guna say saat saw (700) guna tak ajr aur sawab milta hai.
Reference:
- Shrah Arbaeen Nawawi Darussalam (Professor Saeed Mujtabaa Saeedi), Shrah Hadees 01
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