Muqaddimah Tafseer Ibn Kaseer

Allah kay naam say jo bada meharban nihayat reham wala hai.

Tamam t'areefey uss Allah Subhan-o-Ta'ala kay liye hain jis nay apni kitab ko apni hamd kay sath shuru kiya aur farmaya: Tamam t'areefey Allah hee kay liye hain jo saare jahano ka parwardigaar hai. Bada meharban nihayat reham wala. Badley kay din ka Malik hai (Al-Fatiha: 2-4). Doosri jagah farmaya: Sab t'areef Allah kay liye hai jis nay apne bandey par kitab nazil ki aur iss may koyi kaji (kasar baaqi) na rakhi (Al-Kahf: 1). Yani sab t'areef Allah Ta'ala kay liye hee hai jis nay apne bandey par Quran kareem nazil kiya jis may koyi kaji nahi. Jo hamesha deen ko qayam rakhney wala hai, taa ki Allah Ta'ala kay sakht 'azaab say Allah ka paighambar logon ko khabardar kar dey aur jo log Eman laa kar nek a'amaal karte hain unhe unn kay behtareen aur hamesha wale badley ki khush khabri suna dey aur jo log apne jahil baap dada ki suni sunayi baaton par Allah ki aulad mantey hain unhe bhee chawkanna kar dey ki ye bahot badi jasarat aur jhooti baat hai jo unn ki zaban say nikal rahi hai.    

Jis tarah uss parwardigaar nay apni kitab ko hamd say shuru kiya usi tarah uss nay apni makhlooq ko bhee apni hamd say shuru kiya. Irshad hota hai: Sab t'areef Allah hee kay liye hai jis nay aasmaan aur zameen ko aur andhere aur ujale ko paida kiya, lekin kuffar bawjood iss kay bhee Allah ka shareek thairatey hain (Al-An'am: 1). Isi tarah makhlooq ka khatma bhee apni hamd-o-sana par kiya. Ahle jannat aur ahle jahannam kay anjaam ka bayan kar kay irshad hota hai: Tu dekhega ki farishte Allah Ta'ala kay 'arsh ko chaaron taraf say gherey huwe honge. Aur apne Rab ki hamd-o-sana, tasbeeh-o-taqdees bayan kartey honge. Faisley haq (insaaf) kay sath ho chuke honge aur keh diya gaya hoga ki tamam t'areefey Allah Rabbul 'Alameen hee kay liye hain (Al-Zumar: 75). Isliye Allah Ta'ala ka farman hai: Wahi Allah hai jis kay siwa koyi m'abood nahi hai aur usi taraf tum lawtaye jaoge (Al-Qasas: 70). Doosri jagah irshad hota hai: Sab t'areefey Allah hee kay liye hain aasmaan aur zameen ki tamam cheezey usi ki milkiyat hain. Aakhirat may bhee hamd usi kay liye hai wahi hikmat wala aur khabardar hai (Saba: 1).

Awwal aur aakhir usi ki t'areef hai yani jo kuch uss nay paida kiya hai aur jo kuch paida karega woh unn sab may t'areefon wala hai. Jaisa ki namazi (Sami'allahu) kay baad kehta hai: Allahumma Rabbana wa lakal-hamd, mil'as-samawati wa mil'al-ardi wa mil'ama shi'ta min shai'in ba'd (Aye Allah! tere hee liye sab t'areefey hain, aasmaan aur zameen bhar janey kay barabar aur unn kay baad bhee jis cheez ko tu bhar dena chahey) (Sahih Muslim: Kitab as-Salat, Hadees: 471). Isiliye jannati log bhee hamd-o-sana ka ilhaam kiye jayenge aur unn kay saans kay sath hee bila takalluf Allah Ta'ala ki t'areef aur uss ki tasbeeh ada hoti rahegi (Sahih Muslim, Kitab Al-Jannah, Hadees: 2835).

Kyun ki Allah Ta'ala ki 'azeemul shaan n'ematey aur uss ki qudrat kaamila aur uss ki zabardast saltanat aur maslasal rehmatey aur uss kay hameshgee wale ahsanaat unn kay pesh nazar honge. Isi ko Quran kareem nay bayan farmaya: Yaqeenan jo log Eman laaye aur unho nay nek kaam kiye unn ka Rab unn ko unn kay emaan kay sabab unn kay maqsad tak pahoncha dega, n'emat kay bagho (gardens) may jin kay neeche nahrey jari hongi. Unn kay muh say ye baat niklegi 'Subhan Allah' aur unn ka apas may salam ye hoga 'Asslaam 'Alaykum' aur unn ki aakhiri baat ye hogi 'tamam tareefey Allah kay liye hain jo saare jahan ka Rab hai' (Yunus: 9-10). Allah hee kay liye tareef hai. Jis nay apne Rasoolon ko khush khabri dene wala aur khabardar karne wala bana kar bheja taa ki Rasoolon kay aa janey kay baad logon ki koyi hujjat Allah Ta'ala par baaqi na rahey (An-Nisa: 165). Inn Rasoolon ka silsila Nabi ummi 'arabi Makki Madani (ﷺ) par khatam kiya. Jo sab say zyadah wajeh raah ki hidayat karney waley hain. 

Aap (ﷺ) kay zamane say ley kar qayamat tak jitne jinnat aur insaan hain sab ki taraf aap ki risalat hai jaisa ki Quran kareem may hai: Kaho aye logon! beshak main tum sab ki taraf Allah ka Rasool hoon, woh (Allah) ki aasmaano aur zameen ki badshahi sirf uss ki hai, uss kay siwa koyi m'abood nahi, woh zindah karta hai aur maarta hai, pass tum Allah par aur uss kay Rasool Nabi ummi par emaan lao, jo Allah aur uss ki baaton par emaan rakhta hai, aur uss ki pairwi karo taa ki tum hidayat pao (Al-A'raf: 158). Doosri jagah Allah ka irshad hai: Taa ki main tumhe iss kay sath daraun aur usey bhee jis tak ye pahonchey (Al-An'am: 19). Pass jis 'arabi 'ajami, kaley gorey insaan ko ye Quran pahoncha to Nabi (ﷺ) uss kay liye daraney waley hain. Isliye Allah Ta'ala nay farmaya: Jo iss ka inkaar karey to aag hee uss kay w'adey ki jagah hai (Hud: 17). Doosri jagah Quran kareem ka irshad hota hai: Pass chor mujhe aur uss ko jo iss baat ko jhutlata hai, hum zaroor unhe aahista aahista (halakat ki taraf) iss tarah say ley jayenge ki woh nahi janenge (Al-Qalam: 44). Rasool Allah (ﷺ) farmate hain: Meri paighambari 'aam hai. Main har surkh aur syah ki taraf paighambar bana kar bheja gaya hoon (Sahih Muslim, Kitab Al-Masajid, Hadees: 521). Mujahid (Rahimahullah) farmate hain: Yani tamam jin aur insaan ki taraf. Pass Nabi (ﷺ) tamam insaano aur jinnat ki taraf Allah Ta'ala kay Rasool hain. Sab ko Allah kareem ki wahee aur 'izzat waley Quran ko Aap (ﷺ) pahonchane waley hain jis paak kitab kay paas kisi taraf say baatil phatak hee nahi sakta jo hikmaton aur t'areefon waley Allah ka nazil kiya huwa hai.

Dawat ghaor aur fikar

Allah Ta'ala nay apne iss kalaam ko samajhne ki takeed bhee iss may kar dee hai. Farmaya: Bhala ye Quran may ghaor kyun nahi kartey? Agar ye Allah kay siwa kisi aur ki taraf say hota to woh yaqeenan iss may bahot sa ikhtilaf paatey (An-Nisa: 82). Aur farmaya: (Ye) kitab jo hum nay aap par nazil ki hai ba-barkat hai taa ki log iss ki aayaton may ghaor karey aur taa ki aqal-mand log naseehat pakdey (Sad: 29). Nez farmaya: Bhala ye log Quran may ghaor nahi kartey ya (inn kay) dilon par taale lage huwe hain (Muhammad: 24). 

Lihaza ulema par wajib hai ki woh kalaam Allah ka matlab wajeh karey aur seekhe aur sikhayen aur logon ki sahih rahnumayi karey. Allah Ta'ala farmata hai: Hum nay kitab walon say 'ahad liya ki woh isey bayan karte rahey chipaye nahi lekin unn logon nay isey peeth peechey daal diya aur iss kay badley dunya talab karne lagey. Lihaza ye jo kuch haasil kartey hain bura hai (Al-Imran: 187). Doosri jagah farmaya: Jo log Allah ka 'ahad aur apni qasmon (ko bech daltey hain aur unn) kay badley thodi see keemat haasil kartey hain unn ka aakhirat may kuch hissa nahi, qayamat kay din unn say Allah na to kalaam karega aur na unn ki taraf dekhega aur na unn ko paak karega aur unn kay liye dukh dene wala 'azaab hoga (Al-Imran: 77). Allah Ta'ala nay ahle kitab ki iss wajah say mazammat farmayi hai ki unho nay Allah Ta'ala ki uss kitab say muh pher liya tha jo unn ki taraf nazil ki gayi thee, nez unho nay dunya aur uss ki dawlat ko jama karne hee ko (zindagi ka) asal maqsad bana liya tha. Iss kay alawah kitab Allah ki pairwi kay bajaye, jis ka unhe hukm diya gaya tha woh doosri cheezon may mashghool (yani kho) ho gaye thay.

Lihaza aye Musalmano! hum par wajib hai ki hum unn kamo say baaz aa jayen jin ki wajah say Allah Ta'ala nay unn (ahle kitab) ki mazammat ki hai aur usey baja laaye jis ka Allah Ta'ala nay hume hukm diya hai, usey khud bhee samjhey aur doosron ko bhee samjhaye. Allah Ta'ala ka irshad hai: Kya abhi tak momino kay liye iss ka waqt nahi aaya ki Allah ki yaad karne kay waqt aur (Quran) jo haq Ta'ala (ki taraf) say nazil huwa hai, uss kay sunne kay waqt unn kay dil naram ho jayen aur woh unn logon ki tarah na ho jayen jin ko (inn say) pehle kitab dee gayi thee, phir kuch zamana ghuzartey hee unn kay dil sakht ho gaye. Aur unn may say aksar nafarman hain. Tum jaan rakho ki Allah hee zameen ko uss kay marney kay baad zindah karta hai, hum nay apni nishaniya tum say khol kar bayan kar dee hain taa ki tum kuch samjho (Al-Hadeed: 16-17). Yahan pehli aayat kay baad Allah Ta'ala nay jo doosri aayat ka zikr farmaya hai to iss say ye baat samjhana maqsood hai ki jis tarah woh zameen ko murdah hone kay baad zindah karta hai isi tarah woh dilon ko bhee gunahon aur m'asiyaton say sakht ho janey kay baad emaan aur hidayat kay sath naram kar deta hai. Allah Ta'ala say ummeed hai aur dua bhee hai ki woh hamare dilon ko bhee emaan aur hidayat say naram farma dey. Ameen   

Mazeed topics jaise usool tafseer, israili rivayat ka muqaam wagairah janne kay liye asal kitab padhey.